unreliability

Direct versus indirect models for the effects of unreliability [An article from: Transportation Research Part A]
$7.95
This digital document is a journal article from Transportation Research Part A, published by Elsevier in 2006. The article is delivered in HTML format and is available in your Amazon.com Media Library immediately after purchase. You can view it with any web browser.

Description:
Two distinguishable modelling approaches exist for modelling the attitudes of travellers to the unexpected day-to-day variability of travel times. The direct approach sees the extent of travel time variability (TTV) as the variable that travellers react to, whereas the indirect approach claims that TTV effects are fully explained by trip scheduling considerations. Past research has not yet overcome the issue of which of these concepts is preferable, especially for public transport users. In the current paper, factors affecting bus users' scheduling behaviour and attitudes to TTV are investigated, based on a survey among bus users in the city of York, England. The survey methodology and its Internet-based design are described. The results confirm that the influence of TTV on bus users is best explained indirectly through scheduling considerations. The penalty placed on early arrival to the destination is found similar to the penalty on travel time itself; late arrivals are much more heavily penalised. Since the common treatment of TTV in practice is through models that ignore the effect of lateness and earliness, we also examine how using the simple approach rather than the correct one affects the economic interpretation of TTV; the results reveal a massive bias.

Unreliability of screening methods [An article from: Analytica Chimica Acta]
$8.95
This digital document is a journal article from Analytica Chimica Acta, published by Elsevier in 2004. The article is delivered in HTML format and is available in your Amazon.com Media Library immediately after purchase. You can view it with any web browser.

Description:
The need for rapid and reliable analytical response, based on the use of methods with a binary yes/no response, is an important part of the daily activity of the chemical and biochemical laboratories. Despite of this frequent use, no particular guides or documents exist to help the laboratories to implement the metrological aspects of this type of analytical method. In this paper a new approach about the determination of the unreliability region characteristic of a binary method is presented. Moreover, the general method based on the determination of a probability-concentration graph, this being a simpler procedure for the unreliability region determination, is presented. The screening method selected for this purpose was the determination of chloropromazine in urine, based on the use of a flow method that involves the purification of chloropromazine from the urine using a LiChrolut^(R)-EN column, their elution and determination based on a photochemical reaction.

Narrative Unreliability in the Twentieth-Century First-Person Novel (Narratologia: Contributions to Narrative Theory/Beitrage Zure Erzahltheorie)
$118.00
This volume deals with the occurrence and development of unreliable first-person narration in twentieth century Western literature. The different articles in this collection approach this topic both from the angle of literary theory and through a detailed reading of literary texts. By addressing questions concerning the functions, characteristics and types of unreliability, this collection contributes to the current theoretical debate about unreliable narration. At the same time, the collection highlights the different uses to which unreliability has been put in different contexts, poetical traditions and literary movements. It does so by tracing the unreliable first-person narrator in a variety of texts from Dutch, German, American, British, French, Italian, Polish, Danish and Argentinean literature. In this way, this volume significantly extends the traditional canon of narrative unreliability. This collection combines essays from some of the foremost theoreticians of unreliability (James Phelan, Ansgar N���?nning) with essays from experts in different national traditions. The result is a collection that approaches the case of narrative unreliability from a new and more varied perspective.