economic threshold

Uncertain climate thresholds and optimal economic growth [An article from: Journal of Environmental Economics and Management]
$8.95
This digital document is a journal article from Journal of Environmental Economics and Management, published by Elsevier in 2004. The article is delivered in HTML format and is available in your Amazon.com Media Library immediately after purchase. You can view it with any web browser.

Description:
We explore the combined effects of a climate threshold (a potential ocean thermohaline circulation collapse), parameter uncertainty, and learning in an optimal economic growth model. Our analysis shows that significantly reducing carbon dioxide (CO"2) emissions may be justified to avoid or delay even small (and arguably realistic) damages from an uncertain and irreversible climate change-even when future learning about the system is considered. Parameter uncertainty about the threshold specific damages and the CO"2 level triggering a threshold can act to decrease near-term CO"2 abatements that maximize expected utility.

The welfare state, thresholds, and economic growth [An article from: Economic Modelling]
$10.95
This digital document is a journal article from Economic Modelling, published by Elsevier in 2005. The article is delivered in HTML format and is available in your Amazon.com Media Library immediately after purchase. You can view it with any web browser.

Description:
Can a growing welfare state induce a regime switch in the growth rate of an economy? This paper constructs a dynamic political economy model of economic growth and the welfare state in which both variables are nonlinearly related and jointly endogenous. Using a Markov switching framework over the period 1950-2001, we find that the structural decline in growth rates that several welfare state economies experienced during 1970-1975 is preceded by movements to a high welfare state regime. This suggests that expanding welfare state regimes are associated with low economic growth regimes, while contracting welfare state regimes are associated with high growth regimes. However, we also find that the structural decline in growth rates leads to a downward structural break in the welfare state for many welfare state economies. This suggests that declining growth regimes are associated with contracting welfare state regimes, as lower growth forces politicians to cut the size of the welfare state. We also report strong evidence that both expansion and contractions in the welfare state affects growth nonlinearly. These results are able to characterize a predictable and general pattern of welfare state-growth evolution.

Lowering the Threshold: Economic Paper 50 (Economic Paper Series)
$18.95
This paper is the outcome of a project commissioned by EAD. The main premise of the study is that much effort by governments, aid donors, international financial institutions (IFIS) and regional development banks has been expended for improving the climate for private investment. However the reality is that the least developed, small and vulnerable economies face particular problems in attracting private investment. The report considers the practicalities of developing market friendly financial instruments as a way of providing an incentive to investors in these economies. It has been the subject of intense consultation with both governments and IFIs.

Economic Thresholds for Integrated Pest Management (Our Sustainable Future)
$60.00
Integrated pest management (IPM) is an ecologically based approach for modifying the impact of pests to tolerable levels. Thresholds are based on the concept of economic injury level (EIL), which includes economic, management effectiveness, pest biology, and host stress considerations.?Economic Thresholds for Integrated Pest Management draws on scientific advances in entomology, plant pathology, and weed science. The book discusses the history of decision making in IPM, EILs, and approaches to developing economic thresholds. The seventeen contributors stress the importance of understanding the pest-host relationship and of taking into account such factors as environmental risk, pesticide resistance, and delayed and cumulative effects. With pressing challenges in pest science, including new pests, new governmental policies, and growing demands on agriculture, the need for better understanding of thresholds has never been greater.